Orthopedics
Orthopedics (also called orthopedic surgery) is a medical specialty that focuses on injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system of your body.
Orthopedics deals with the prevention and treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
This complex system, which includes your bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles and nerves, allows you to move, work and be active.
If you suffer from knee pain, hip, elbow or joint problems, this is the right place for you.
At the Rotim Polyclinic, you can have an examination by a specialist orthopedic surgeon and traumatologist, as well as radiological (MRI, ultrasound) and laboratory tests.
With the increase in average life expectancy, we are increasingly concerned with solving diseases that are a consequence of aging, osteoporosis, and surgical treatment of injuries: traffic, professional, or sports.
In addition to diagnostics and therapy, we also provide consulting services on the installation of artificial joints such as hip or knee replacements and procedures such as ligament reconstruction.
ARTHROSIS OF THE SMALL JOINTS OF THE HAND
Osteoarthritis is a common rheumatic disease with a chronic and progressive course, primarily characterized by changes in the articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis can affect all joints of the hand and wrist, but is most common in the area of the joints at the base of the fingers. Changes in the joints most often lead to deformation of the fingers and limited function or, in advanced stages, loss of finger function. In addition, injuries and interruptions in the course of the tendons of the fingers can also occur.
The clinical picture is dominated by pain, stiffness of the joints, difficulty and limited joint mobility, sensitivity to touch and movement, and thickening in the form of lumps on the joints. Altered joints can be replaced with artificial joints that allow better mobility and reduce pain, although they can never functionally replace real joints.
OATHEROSA IN THE WRIST JOINT AREA
Wrist osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease characterized by the loss of articular cartilage and narrowing of the joint space. These changes are accompanied by severe pain. It is common in people with rheumatoid arthritis or as a result of frequent injuries. In addition to inflammatory changes, there is destruction of the joint surfaces, which results in shrinkage of the joint capsule, joint instability and atrophy of the surrounding muscles.
As a result of all the above-mentioned changes, the function of the wrist is impaired, and the mobility and strength of the wrist are reduced. Crepitations or “creaking” in the joint occur quite often during movement. Ultimately, the disease can result in the joint becoming thickened and deformed.
ARTHROSIS OF THE BASE OF THE THUMB JOINT
The joint at the base of the thumb (saddle joint) allows for great joint mobility, but it is also prone to early onset of arthritic changes and instability. The described change manifests itself in pain and difficulty performing everyday thumb functions. There are periods when the pain decreases, but in the long term, there is progression of pain and instability of the joint, and consequent loss of thumb function.
Most surgical procedures are performed under regional anesthesia as a day surgery.
LOWER EXTREMITIES DISEASES AND INJURIES
Diseases and injuries of the lower extremities include diseases and injuries of the hip (inflammatory and degenerative diseases, injuries and fractures, advice on the installation of an artificial hip joint, sports injuries); diseases and injuries of the knee (inflammatory and degenerative diseases and injuries and fractures, advice on the installation of an artificial knee joint, sports injuries, acute and chronic instability, ligament ruptures); diseases and injuries of the ankle and foot (inflammatory and degenerative diseases, injuries and fractures of the ankle and foot, treatment of foot deformities – hallux valgus and rigidus, digitus flexus and drop foot, degenerative diseases of the Achilles tendon, Haglund’s heel).
DUPUYTREN'S CONTRACTURE
A condition caused by thickening of the tissue in the palm area. It is mostly painless, but it progressively limits the mobility of the fingers and bends them towards the palm. Affected fingers cannot be fully straightened, which can make everyday activities such as putting your hands in your pockets, putting on gloves or shaking hands difficult.
Dupuytren’s contracture usually affects the two fingers furthest from the thumb. Surgery removes the affected tissue in the palm and restores finger mobility, depending on the stage and duration of the disease.
GANGLION CYST
A ganglion cyst, or hygroma, is a cyst that forms from the tissue that lines joints and tendons. It is caused by an excessive buildup of synovial fluid, an essential fluid that lubricates joints and tendons, making joint movement easier and reducing friction that can damage joint structures. It most commonly occurs on the wrist, but can also form in other places, such as the knees, ankles, or feet.
It is a benign formation that usually does not cause problems, but sometimes it can trigger other symptoms or be a sign of early osteoarthritis of the wrist and hand joints. Although they can sometimes disappear spontaneously, most require removal by puncture or surgery.
TENDON INJURY
Most tendon injuries (a tendon is a fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones in the human body) are the result of gradual wear and tear on the tendon due to overuse or aging. Anyone can have a tendon injury, but people who perform repetitive movements in their jobs, sports, or daily activities are more likely to damage their tendons than other people. A tendon injury can happen suddenly or can develop over a long period of time.
As a result of tendon rupture, there is an inability to move the injured finger or joint, and surgical treatment is necessary as soon as possible to reconstruct the tendon.
INJURIES TO THE LIGAMENTS OF THE HAND AND WRIST
They most often occur as a result of injuries, and are manifested by loss of function and instability of the joints, which in most cases requires surgical treatment. In the case of ruptures of the ligaments of the wrist, various forms of instability occur, and there are numerous and complex divisions and classifications.
Most surgical procedures are performed under regional anesthesia and require hospitalization for up to 3 days, and exercise begins as early as possible depending on the type of injury and type of treatment.
FRACTURES OF THE HAND AND WRIST BONE
Fractures in the hand area are manifested by swelling, hematoma, pain, limited mobility, deformation of the hand or fingers, overlapping of the fingers when forming the hand. Wrist injuries can refer to bone fractures, either of the distal part of the forearm bones or the carpal region, to ruptures, partial or complete, of ligamentous structures, or to strains and ruptures of the musculo-tendon structures of the wrist.
Wrist injuries are common in children and the elderly population who are at higher risk of falls, and are also common in contact sports. In case of loss of function and deformity, surgical treatment is necessary, which allows for earlier initiation of physical therapy and loading and a better final functional outcome.
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when pressure is placed on the median nerve in the carpal tunnel area. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway surrounded by bones and ligaments in the palm of the hand. This nerve controls movement and sensation in the thumb and movement of all fingers except the little finger. When the median nerve is compressed, symptoms can include numbness, tingling, prickling, and weakness in the hand. Patients often have trouble holding objects in their hands.
Tingling and pain occur in the area from the thumb to halfway down the ring finger on the palm side. The surgery relieves pressure on the nerve by cutting the carpal tunnel ligament.
CLIPPING FINGER
In this condition, the finger usually moves normally, but remains blocked when the fingers are squeezed to the maximum. It is caused by the thickening of the tendon of the finger that remains stuck in the tunnel at the base of the finger, most often during the inflammatory process. In more severe cases of this disease, the finger may remain in a contorted position permanently. Sometimes the finger can be straightened with the help of the other hand and a specific sound, “click”, is heard, which is how the change got its name.
Symptoms of snapping finger can range from mild to severe, and include stiffness of the finger, a popping sensation (skipping) during movement, tenderness or a lump in the palm, a finger stuck in a bent position that suddenly straightens, a finger stuck in a bent position that cannot be straightened. In a certain number of cases, steroid injections help, and in surgical treatment, the tunnel in which the tendon lies is opened and released.
The orthopedic team approaches each patient individually.
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